Professor Stephen Barker
Professor
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
Affiliated Professor
Centre for Crop Science
+61 7 336 53303
+61 7 336 54642
Book Chapters
Barker, S. C. and Murrell, A. (2008). Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names. In Alan S. Bowman and Patricia A. Nuttall (Ed.), Ticks: biology, disease and control (pp. 1-39) Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511551802.002
Black IV, W.C. and Barker, S.C. (2005). Systematic relationships among disease vectors. In W.C. Marquardt (Ed.), Biology of Disease Vectors 2nd ed. (pp. 389-413) London: Elsevier.
Journal Articles
Barker, Stephen C. and Burger, Thomas D. (2018) Two new genera of hard ticks, Robertsicus n. gen. and Archaeocroton n. gen., and the solution to the mystery of Hoogstraal's and Kaufman's "primitive" tick from the Carpathian Mountains. Zootaxa, 4500 4: 543-552. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4500.4.4
O'Brien, Caitlin A., Hall-Mendelin, Sonja, Hobson-Peters, Jody, Deliyannis, Georgia, Allen, Andy, Lew-Tabor, Ala, Rodriguez-Valle, Manuel, Barker, Dayana, Barker, Stephen C. and Hall, Roy A. (2018) Discovery of a novel iflavirus sequence in the eastern paralysis tick Ixodes holocyclus. Archives of Virology, 163 9: 1-7. doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3868-9
Shao, Renfu, Li, Hu, Barker, Stephen C. and Song, Simon (2017) The mitochondrial genome of the guanaco louse, Microthoracius praelongiceps: insights into the ancestral mitochondrial karyotype of sucking lice (Anoplura, Insecta). Genome Biology and Evolution, 9 2: 431-445. doi:10.1093/gbe/evx007
Bowles, Vernon M., Yoon, Kyong Sup, Barker, Stephen C., Tran, Christopher, Rhodes, Christopher and Clark, Marshall J. (2016) Ovicidal Efficacy of Abametapir Against Eggs of Human Head and Body Lice (Anoplura: Pediculidae).. Journal Of Medical Entomology, 54 1: 167-172. doi:10.1093/jme/tjw132
Drali, Rezak, Abi-Rached, Laurent, Boutellis, Amina, Djossou, Félix, Barker, Stephen C. and Raoult, Didier (2016) Host switching of human lice to new world monkeys in South America. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 39 225-231. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2016.02.008
Gulia-Nuss, Monika, Nuss, Andrew B., Meyer, Jason M., Sonenshine, Daniel E., Roe, R. Michael, Waterhouse, Robert M., Sattelle, David B., de la Fuente, Jose, Ribeiro, Jose M., Megy, Karine, Thimmapuram, Jyothi, Miller, Jason R., Walenz, Brian P., Koren, Sergey, Hostetler, Jessica B., Thiagarajan, Mathangi, Joardar, Vinita S., Hannick, Linda I., Bidwell, Shelby, Hammond, Martin P., Young, Sarah, Zeng, Qiandong, Abrudan, Jenica L., Almeida, Francisca C., Ayllon, Nieves, Bhide, Ketaki, Bissinger, Brooke W., Bonzon-Kulichenko, Elena, Buckingham, Steven D., Caffrey, Daniel R., Caimano, Melissa J., Croset, Vincent, Driscoll, Timothy, Gilbert, Don, Gillespie, Joseph J., Giraldo-Calderon, Gloria I., Grabowski, Jeffrey M., Jiang, David, Khalil, Sayed M. S., Kim, Donghun, Kocan, Katherine M., Koci, Juraj, Kuhn, Richard J., Kurtti, Timothy J., Lees, Kristin, Lang, Emma G., Kennedy, Ryan C., Kwon, Hyeogsun, Perera, Rushika, Qi, Yumin, Radolf, Justin D., Sakamoto, Joyce M., Sanchez-Gracia, Alejandro, Severo, Maiara S., Silverman, Neal, Simo, Ladislav, Tojo, Marta, Tornador, Cristian, Van Zee, Janice P., Vazquez, Jesus, Vieira, Filipe G., Villar, Margarita, Wespiser, Adam R., Yang, Yunlong, Zhu, Jiwei, Arensburger, Peter, Pietrantonio, Patricia V., Barker, Stephen C., Shao, Renfu, Zdobnov, Evgeny M., Hauser, Frank, Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P., Park, Yoonseong, Rozas, Julio, Benton, Richard, Pedra, Joao H. F., Nelson, David R., Unger, Maria F., Tubio, Jose M. C., Tu, Zhijian, Robertson, Hugh M., Shumway, Martin, Sutton, Granger, Wortman, Jennifer R., Lawson, Daniel, Wikel, Stephen K., Nene, Vishvanath M., Fraser, Claire M., Collins, Frank H., Birren, Bruce, Nelson, Karen E., Caler, Elisabet and Hill, Catherine A. (2016) Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease. Nature Communications, 7 10507.1-10507.13. doi:10.1038/ncomms10507
Shao, Renfu, Barker, Stephen C., Li, Hu, Song, Simon, Poudel, Shreekanta and Su, Yuan (2015) Fragmented mitochondrial genomes in two suborders of parasitic lice of eutherian mammals (Anoplura and Rhynchophthirina, Insecta). Scientific Reports, 5 17389.1-17389.11. doi:10.1038/srep17389
Herd, Kate E., Barker, Stephen C. and Shao, Renfu (2015) The mitochondrial genome of the chimpanzee louse, Pediculus schaeffi: insights into the process of mitochondrial genome fragmentation in the blood-sucking lice of great apes. BMC Genomics, 16 661: 1-8. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1843-3
Xiong, H., Campelo, D., Boutellis, A., Raoult, D., Alem, M., Ali, J., Bilcha, K., Shao, R., Pollack, R. J. and Barker, S. C. (2014) SNPs in entire mitochondrial genome sequences (≈15.4 kb) and cox1 sequences (≈486 bp) resolve body and head lice from doubly infected people from Ethiopia, China, Nepal, and Iran but not France. Journal of Medical Entomology, 51 6: 1199-1207. doi:10.1603/ME14001
Barker, Stephen C., Walker, Alan R. and Campelo, Dayana (2014) A list of the 70 species of Australian ticks; diagnostic guides to and species accounts of Ixodes holocyclus (paralysis tick), Ixodes cornuatus (southern paralysis tick) and Rhipicephalus australis (Australian cattle tick); and consideration of the place. International Journal for Parasitology, 44 12: 941-953. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.08.008
Dong, Wen-Ge, Song, Simon, Guo, Xian-Guo, Jin, Dao-Chao, Yang, Qianqian, Barker, Stephen C. and Shao, Renfu (2014) Fragmented mitochondrial genomes are present in both major clades of the blood-sucking lice (suborder Anoplura): evidence from two Hoplopleura rodent lice (family Hoplopleuridae). BMC Genomics, 15 1: 751.1-751.13. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-751
Xiong, H., Campelo, D., Pollack, R. J., Raoult, D., Shao, R., Alem, M., Ali, J., Bilcha, K. and Barker, S. C. (2014) Second-generation sequencing of entire mitochondrial coding-regions (~15.4kb) holds promise for study of the phylogeny and taxonomy of human body lice and head lice. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 28 S1: 40-50. doi:10.1111/mve.12076
Burger, Thomas D., Shao, Renfu and Barker, Stephen C. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genome sequences indicates that the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, contains a cryptic species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76 1: 241-253. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.017
Barker, Stephen C. and Walker, Alan R. (2014) Ticks of Australia: the species that infest domestic animals and humans. Zootaxa, 3816 1: 1-144. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3816.1.1
Sangaré, Abdoul Karim, Boutellis, Amina, Drali, Rezak, Socolovschi, Cristina, Barker, Stephen C., Diatta, Georges, Rogier, Christophe, Olive, Marie-Marie, Doumbo, Ogobara K. and Raoult, Didier (2014) Detection of Bartonella quintana in African body and head lice. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91 2: 294-301. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0707
Song, Simon D., Barker, Stephen C. and Shao, Renfu (2014) Variation in mitochondrial minichromosome composition between blood-sucking lice of the genus Haematopinus that infest horses and pigs. Parasites and Vectors, 7 1: . doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-144
Burger, Thomas D., Shao, Renfu, Labruna, Marcelo B. and Barker, Stephen C. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of soft ticks (Ixodida: Argasidae) inferred from mitochondrial genome and nuclear rRNA sequences. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5 2: 195-207. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.10.009
Xiong, Haoyu, Barker, Stephen C., Burger, Thomas D., Raoult, Didier and Shao, Renfu (2013) Heteroplasmy in the mitochondrial genomes of human lice and ticks revealed by high throughput sequencing. PLoS One, 8 9: e73329.1-e73329.9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073329
Jiang, Haowei, Barker, Stephen C. and Shao, Renfu (2013) Substantial variation in the extent of mitochondrial genome fragmentation among the blood-sucking lice of mammals. Genome Biology and Evolution, 5 7: 1298-1308. doi:10.1093/gbe/evt094
Burger, Thomas D., Shao, Renfu and Barker, Stephen C. (2013) Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rRNA genes of ticks reveals a deep phylogenetic structure within the genus Haemaphysalis and further elucidates the polyphyly of the genus Amblyomma with respect to Amblyomma sphenodonti and A. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 4 4: 265-274. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.02.002
Burgess, Ian F., Barker, Stephen C. and Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y. (2013) Topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. New England Journal of Medicine, 368 10: 966-967. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1215548
Elbir, Haytham, Henry, Mireille, Diatta, Georges, Mediannikov, Oleg, Sokhna, Cheikh, Tall, Adama, Socolovschi, Cristina, Cutler, Sally J., Bilcha, Kassahum D., Ali, Jemal, Campelo, Dayana, Barker, Steven C., Raoult, Didier and Drancourt, Michel (2013) Multiplex Real-Time PCR Diagnostic of Relapsing Fevers in Africa. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7 1: e2042.1-e2042.5. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002042
Boutellis, Amina, Mediannikov, Oleg, Bilcha, Kassahun Desalegn, Ali, Jemal, Campelo, Dayana, Barker, Stephen C. and Raoult, Didier (2013) Borrelia recurrentis in head lice, Ethiopia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19 5: 796-798. doi:10.3201/eid1905.121480
Barker, Stephen C., Burgess, Ian, Meinking, Terri L. and Mumcuoglu, Kostas Y. (2012) International guidelines for clinical trials with pediculicides. International Journal of Dermatology, 51 7: 853-858. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05446.x
Burger, Thomas D., Shao, Renfu, Beati, Lorebza, Miller, Hilary and Barker, Stephen C. (2012) Phylogenetic analysis of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) using mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rRNA genes indicates that the genus Amblyomma is polyphyletic. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 64 1: 45-55. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.03.004
Haitham, Elbir, Gimenez, Gregory, Sokhna, Cheikh, Bilcha, Kassahun Desalegn, Ali, Jemal, Barker, Stephen C., Cutler, Sally J., Raoult, Didier and Drancourt, Michel (2012) Multispacer sequence typing relapsing fever Borreliae in Africa. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6 6: e1652.1-e1652.6. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001652
Kelers, K., Barker, S. C. and Song, S. D. (2012) Identification of Ixodes holocyclus by DNA sequencing: Application for suspected tick envenomation in a dog living outside an enzootic area. Australian Veterinary Practitioner, 42 2: 240-242.
Wei, Dan-Dan, Shao, Renfu, Yuan, Ming-Long, Dou, Wei, Barker, Stephen C. and Wang, Jin-Jun (2012) The multipartite mitochondrial genome of Liposcelis bostrychophila: Insights into the evolution of mitochondrial genomes in bilateral animals. PLoS One, 7 3: e33973.1-e33973.12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033973
Shao, Renfu, Zhu, Xing-Quan, Barker, Stephen C. and Herd, Kate (2012) Evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans. Genome Biology and Evolution, 4 11: 1088-1101. doi:10.1093/gbe/evs088
Herd, Kate, Barker, Stephen C. and Shao, Renfu (2012) High-level of heteroplasmy in the mitochondrial Cox1-minichromosome of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus, and the human head louse, Pediculus capitis. The Open Genomics Journal, 5 1: 14-17. doi:10.2174/1875693X01205010014
Barker, Stephen C. and Altman, Phillip M. (2011) An ex vivo, assessor blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative efficacy trial of the ovicidal activity of three pediculicides after a single application - melaleuca oil and lavender oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil, and a “suffocation”. BMC Dermatology, 11 14-20. doi:10.1186/1471-5945-11-14
Song, Simon, Shao, Renfu, Atwell, Rick, Barker, Stephen and Vankan, Dianne (2011) Phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships in Ixodes holocyclus and Ixodes cornuatus (Acari: Ixodidae) inferred from COX1 and ITS2 sequences. International Journal for Parasitology, 41 8: 871-880. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.008
Shao, RF and Barker, SC (2011) Chimeric mitochondrial minichromosomes of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus: Evidence for homologous and non-homologous recombination. Gene, 473 1: 36-43. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2010.11.002
Barker, Stephen C. and Altman, Phillip M. (2010) A randomised, assessor blind, parallel group comparative efficacy trial of three products for the treatment of head lice - melalueca oil and lavender oil, pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide, and a "suffocation" product. BMC Dermatology, 10 6-1-6-7. doi:10.1186/1471-5945-10-6
Kirkness, EF, Haas, BJ, Sun, WL, Braig, HR, Perotti, MA, Clark, JM, Lee, SH, Robertson, HM, Kennedy, RC, Elhaik, E, Gerlach, D, Kriventseva, EV, Elsik, CG, Graur, D, Hill, CA, Veenstra, JA, Walenz, B, Tubio, JMC, Ribeiro, JMC, Rozas, J, Johnston, JS, Reese, JT, Popadic, A, Tojo, M, Raoult, D, Reed, DL, Tomoyasu, Y, Krause, E, Mittapalli, O, Margam, VM, Li, HM, Meyer, JM, Johnson, RM, Romero-Severson, J, VanZee, JP, Alvarez-Ponce, D, Vieira, FG, Aguade, M, Guirao-Rico, S, Anzola, JM, Yoon, KS, Strycharz, JP, Unger, MF, Christley, S, Lobo, NF, Seufferheld, MJ, Wang, NK, Dasch, GA, Struchiner, CJ, Madey, G, Hannick, LI, Bidwell, S, Joardar, V, Caler, E, Shao, RF, Barker, SC, Cameron, S, Bruggner, RV, Regier, A, Johnson, J, Viswanathan, L, Utterback, TR, Sutton, GG, Lawson, D, Waterhouse, RM, Venter, JC, Strausberg, RL, Berenbaum, MR, Collins, FH, Zdobnov, EM and Pittendrigh, BR (2010) Genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107 27: 12168-12173. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003379107
Shao, Renfu, Kirkness, Ewen F. and Barker, Stephen C. (2009) The single mitochondrial chromosome typical of animals has evolved into 18 minichromosomes in the human body louse, Pediculus humanus. Genome Research, 19 5: 904-912. doi:10.1101/gr.083188.108
Chen, Andrew C., He, Haiqi, Temeyer, Kevin B., Jones, Shirley, Green, Peter and Barker, Stephen C. (2009) A survey of Rhipicephulus microplus populations for mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance. Journal of Economic Entomology, 102 1: 373-380. doi:10.1603/029.102.0148
Bowles, V. M., Young, A. R. and Barker, S. C. (2008) Metalloproteases and egg-hatching in Pediculus humanus, the body (clothes) louse of humans (Phthiraptera : Insecta). Parasitology, 135 1: 125-130. doi:10.1017/S0031182007003587
Miller, H., Conrad, A., Barker, S. and Daugherty, C. (2007) Distribution and phylogenetic analyses of an endangered tick, Amblyomma sphenodonti. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 34 2: 97-105. doi:10.1080/03014220709510068
Mumcuoglu, K., Barker, S., Burgess, I., Combescot-Lang, C., Dalgleish, R., Larsen, K., Miller, J., Roberts, R. and Aysegul, T. (2007) International guidelines for effective control of head louse infestations. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 6 4: 409-414.
Robertson, M., Ovenden, J. and Barker, S. (2007) Identification of small juvenile scombrids from northwest tropical Australia using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b sequences. Ichthyological Research, 54 3: 246-252. doi:10.1007/s10228-007-0397-z
Covacin, C. and Barker, S. (2007) Supergroup F Wolbachia bacteria parasitise lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Parasitology Research, 100 3: 479-485. doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0309-6
Shao, R. and Barker, S. C. (2007) Mitochondrial genomes of parasitic arthropods: Implications for studies of population genetics and evolution. Parasitology, 134 2: 153-167. doi:10.1017/S0031182006001429
Cameron, S. L., Lambkin, C. L., Barker, S. C. and Whiting, M. F. (2007) A mitochondrial genome phylogeny of Diptera: whole genome sequence data accurately resolve relationships over broad timescales with high precision. Systematic Entomology, 32 1: 40-59. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2006.00355.x
McMeniman, C. J. and Barker, S. C. (2006) Transmission ratio distortion in the human body louse, Pediculus humanus (Insecta : Phthiraptera). Heredity, 96 1: 63-68. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800760
Shao, R. F., Barker, S. C., Mitani, H., Takahashi, M. and Fukunaga, M. (2006) Molecular mechanisms for the variation of mitochondrial gene content and gene arrangement among chigger mites of the genus Leptotrombidium (Acari : Acariformes). Journal of Molecular Evolution, 63 2: 251-261. doi:10.1007/s00239-005-0196-y
Guerrero, Felix D., Nene, Vishvanath M., George, John E., Barker, Stephen C. and Willadsen, Peter (2006) Sequencing a new target genome: The Boophilus microplus (Acari : Ixodidae) genome project. Journal of Medical Entomology, 43 1: 9-16. doi:10.1603/0022-2585(2006)043[0009:SANTGT]2.0.CO;2
Steen, N. A., Barker, S. C. and Alewood, P. F. (2006) Proteins in the saliva of the Ixodida (ticks): Pharmacological features and biological significance. Toxicon, 47 1: 1-20. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.09.010
Covacin, C., Shao, R., Cameron, S. and Barker, S. C. (2006) Extraordinary number of gene rearrangements in the mitochondrial genomes of lice (Phthiraptera : Insecta). Insect Molecular Biology, 15 1: 63-68. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2583.2005.00608.x
Cameron, Stephen L., Barker, Stephen C. and Whiting, Michael F. (2006) Mitochondrial genomics and the new insect order Mantophasmatodea. Molecular Phylogenetics And Evolution, 38 1: 274-279. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.020
Leo, Natalie P. and Barker, Stephen C. (2005) Unravelling the evolution of the head lice and body lice of humans. Parasitology Research, 98 1: 44-47. doi:10.1007/s00436-005-0013-y
Barker, Stephen and Dowe, Phil (2005) Endurance is paradoxical. Analysis, 65 285: 69-74. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8284.2005.00526.x
Leo, N. P., Hughes, J. M., Yang, X., Poudel, S. K. S., Brogdon, W. G. and Barker, S. C. (2005) The head and body lice of humans are genetically distinct (Insecta : Phthiraptera, Pediculidae): evidence from double infestations. Heredity, 95 1: 34-40. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800663
Murrell, A. and Barker, S. C. (2005) Multiple origins of parasitism in lice: phylogenetic analysis of SSU rDNA indicates that the Phthiraptera and Psocoptera are not monophyletic. Parasitology Research, 97 4: 274-280. doi:10.1007/s00436-005-1413-8
Murrell, Anna, Dobson, Susan J., Walter, David E., Campbell, Nick J. H., Shao, Renfu and Barker, Stephen C. (2005) Relationships among the three major lineages of the Acari (Arthropoda : Arachnida) inferred from small subunit rRNA: Paraphyly of the parasitiformes with respect to the opilioacariformes and relative rates of nucleotide substitution. Invertebrate Systematics, 19 5: 383-389. doi:10.1071/IS05027
Shao, Renfu, Barker, Stephen C., Mitani, Harumi, Aoki, Yayoi and Fukunaga, Masahito (2005) Evolution of duplicate control regions in the mitochondrial genomes of metazoa: A case study with Australasian Ixodes ticks. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 22 3: 620-629. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi047
Shao, R. F., Mitani, H., Barker, S. C., Takahashi, M. and Fukunaga, M. (2005) Novel mitochondrial gene content and gene arrangement indicate illegitimate inter-mtDNA recombination in the chigger mite, Leptotrombidium pallidum. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 60 6: 764-773. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0226-1
Shao, R., Aoki, Y., Mitani, H., Tabuchi, N., Barker, S. C. and Fukunaga, M. (2004) The mitochondrial genomes of soft ticks have an arrangement of genes that has remained unchanged for over 400 million years. Insect Molecular Biology, 13 3: 219-224. doi:10.1111/j.0962-1075.2004.00447.x
Poudel, S. K. S. and Barker, S. C. (2004) Infestation of people with lice in Kathmandu and Pokhara, Nepal. Medical And Veterinary Entomology, 18 2: 212-213. doi:10.1111/j.0269-283X.2004.00494.x
Cameron, S. L., Miller, K. B., DHaese, C. A., Whiting, M. F. and Barker, S. C. (2004) Mitochondrial genome data alone are not enough to unambiguously resolve the relationships of Entognatha, Insecta and Crustacea sensu lato (Arthropoda). Cladistics, 20 6: 534-557. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2004.00040.x
Barker, S. C and Murrell, A. (2004) Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names. Parasitology, 129 SUPPL.: S15-S36. doi:10.1017/S0031182004005207
Murrell, Anna, Campbell, Nick J. H. and Barker, Stephen C. (2003) The value of idiosyncratic markers and changes to conserved tRNA sequences from the mitochondrial genome of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) for phylogenetic inference. Systematic Biology, 52 3: 296-310. doi:10.1080/10635150309325
Shao, Renfu and Barker, Stephen C. (2003) The highly rearranged mitochondrial genome of the plague thrips, Thrips imaginis (Insecta : thysanoptera): Convergence of two novel gene boundaries and an extraordinary arrangement of rRNA genes. Molecular Biology And Evolution, 20 3: 362-370. doi:10.1093/molbev/msg045
Murrell, Anna, Dobson, Susan J., Yang, Xiaoye, Lacey, Ernest and Barker, Stephen C. (2003) A survey of bacterial diversity in ticks, lice and fleas from Australia. Parasitology Research, 89 4: 326-334. doi:10.1007/s00436-002-0722-4
Shao, Renfu, Dowton, Mark, Murrell, Anna and Barker, Stephen C. (2003) Rates of gene rearrangement and nucleotide substitution are correlated in the mitochondrial genomes of insects. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 20 10: 1612-1619. doi:10.1093/molbev/msg176
Murrell, Anna, Campbell, Nick J. H. and Barker, Stephen C. (2003) The value of idiosyncratic markers and changes to conserved tRNA sequences from the mitochondrial genome of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) for phylogenetic inference. Systematic Biology, 52 3: 296-310. doi:10.1080/10635150390196957
Robinson, D., Leo, N., Prociv, P. and Barker, S. C. (2003) Potential role of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, as vectors of Rickettsia prowazekii. Parasitology Research, 90 3: 209-211. doi:10.1007/s00436-003-0842-5
Barker, S. C. (2003) The Australian paralysis may be the missing link tick in the transmission of Hendra virus from bats to horses to humans. Medical Hypotheses, 60 4: 481-483. doi:10.1016/S0306-9877(02)00377-8
Hunter, J. A. and Barker, S. C. (2003) Susceptibility of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) to pediculicides in Australia. Parasitology Research, 90 6: 476-478. doi:10.1007/s00436-003-0881-y
Murrell, A. and Barker, S. C. (2003) Synonymy of Boophilus Curtice, 1891 with Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844 (Acari : Ixodidae). Systematic Parasitology, 56 3: 169-172. doi:10.1023/B:SYPA.0000003802.36517.a0
Barker, S. C., Whiting, M., Johnson, K. P. and Murrell, A. (2003) Phylogeny of the lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) inferred from small subunit rRNA. Zoologica Scripta, 32 5: 407-414. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00120.x
Leo, N. P. and Barker, S. C. (2002) Intragenomic variation in ITS2 rDNA in the louse of humans, Pediculus humanus: ITS2 is not a suitable marker for population studies in this species. Insect Molecular Biology, 11 6: 651-657. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2583.2002.00367.x
Barker, Stephen C. and Murrell, Anna (2002) Phylogeny, evolution and historical zoogeography of ticks: a review of recent progress. Experimental And Applied Acarology, 28 1-4: Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens: 55-68. doi:10.1023/A:1025333830086
Shaw, M., Murrell, A. and Barker, S. C. (2002) Low intraspecific variation in the rRNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the Australian paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus. Parasitology Research, 88 3: 247-252. doi:10.1007/s00436-001-0533-z
Leo, N. P., Campbell, N. J. H., Yang, X., Mumcuoglu, K. and Barker, S. C. (2002) Evidence from mitochondrial DNA that head lice and body lice of humans (Phthiraptera : Pediculidae) are conspecific. Journal of Medical Entomology, 39 4: 662-666. doi:10.1603/0022-2585-39.4.662
Murrell, A., Kleeman, S. N., Barker, S. C. and Lester, R. J. G. (2002) Synonymy of Perkinsus olseni Lester & Davis, 1981 and Perkinsus atlanticus Azevedo, 1989 and an update on the phylogenetic position of the genus Perkinsus. Bulletin of The European Association of Fish Pathologists, 22 4: 258-265.
Hlinka, O., Murrell, A. and Barker, S. C. (2002) Evolution of the secondary structure of the rRNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) in hard ticks (Ixodidae, Arthropoda). Heredity, 88 4: 275-279. doi:10.1038/sj/hdy/6800040
Baxter, G. D. and Barker, S. C. (2002) Analysis of the sequence and expression of a second putative acetylcholinesterase cDNA from organophosphate-susceptible and organophosphate-resistant cattle ticks. Insect Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 32 7: 815-820. doi:10.1016/S0965-1748(01)00168-0
Klompen, H., Dobson, S. J. and Barker, S. C. (2002) A new subfamily, Bothriocrotoninae n. subfam., for the genus Bothriocroton Keirans, King & Sharrad, 1994 status amend. (Ixodida : Ixodidae), and the synonymy of Aponomma Neumann, 1899 with Amblyomma Koch, 1844. Systematic Parasitology, 53 2: 101-107. doi:10.1023/A:1020466007722
Skerratt, L. F., Campbell, N. J. H., Murrell, A., Walton, S., Kemp, D. and Barker, S. C. (2002) The mitochondrial 12S gene is a suitable marker of populations of Sarcoptes scabiei from wombats, dogs and humans in Australia. Parasitology Research, 88 4: 376-379. doi:10.1007/s00436-001-0556-5
Campbell, Nick J. H., Sturm, Richard A. and Barker, Stephen C. (2001) Large mitochondrial repeats multiplied during the polymerase chain reaction. Molecular Ecology Notes, 1 4: 336-340. doi:10.1046/j.1471-8278 .2001.00093.x
Shao, R., Campbell, N. J.H., Schmidt, E. R. and Barker, S. C. (2001) Increased rate of gene rearrangement in the mitochondrial genomes of three orders of hemipteroid insects [2]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 9: 1828-1832. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003970
Murrell, A., Campell, N. J. H. and Barker, S. C. (2001) A total-evidence phylogeny of ticks provides insights into the evolution of life cycles and biogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics And Evolution, 21 2: 244-258. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1018
Shao, R. F., Campbell, N. J. H., Schmidt, E. R. and Barker, S. C. (2001) Increased rate of gene rearrangement in the mitochondrial genomes of three orders of hemipteroid insects. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 9: 1828-1832.
Murrell, A., Campbell, N. J. H. and Barker, S. C. (2001) Recurrent gains and losses of large (84-109 bp) repeats in the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of rhipicephaline ticks. Insect Molecular Biology, 10 6: 587-596. doi:10.1046/j.0962-1075.2001.00298.x
Shao, R., Campbell, N. J. H. and Barker, S. C. (2001) Numerous gene rearrangements in the mitochondrial genome of the wallaby louse, Heterodoxus macropus (Phthiraptera). Molecular Biology And Evolution, 18 5: 858-865.
Shao, Renfu, Campbell, Nick J. H. and Barker, Stephen C. (2001) Numerous gene rearrangements in the mitochondrial genome of the wallaby louse, Heterodoxus macropus (Phthiraptera). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 5: 858-865. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003867
Lester, R. J. G., Thompson, C., Moss, H. and Barker, S. C. (2001) Movement and stock structure of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel as indicated by parasites. Journal of Fish Biology, 59 4: 833-842. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00154.x
Chigagure, N., Baxter, G. D. and Barker, S. C. (2000) Microsatellite loci of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Acari:Ixodidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 24 12: 951-956. doi:10.1023/A:1010732024895
Murrell, A, Campbell, NJH and Barker, SC (2000) Phylogenetic analyses of the rhipicephaline ticks indicate that the genus Rhipicephalus is paraphyletic. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 16 1: 1-7. doi:10.1006/mpev.2000.0762
Baxter, Glenn D. and Barker, Stephen C. (1999) Comparison of acetylcholinesterase genes from cattle ticks. International Journal For Parasitology, 29 11: 1765-1774. doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00136-8
Murrell, Anna, Campbell, Nicholas J. H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1999) Re: Mitochondrial 12S rDNA Indicates That the Rhipicephalinae (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) Is Paraphyletic (Letter to the Editor). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 12 1: 83-86. doi:10.1006/mpev.1998.0595
Crampton, AL, Baxter, CD and Barker, SC (1999) A new family of cytochrome P450 genes (CYP41) from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 29 9: 829-834. doi:10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00061-2
Hall, Kathryn A., Cribb, Thomas H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1999) V4 region of small subunit rDNA indicates polyphyly of the Fellodistomidae (Digenea) which is supported by morphology and life-cycle data. Systematic Parasitology, 43 2: 81-92. doi:10.1023/A:1006113721899
Crampton, A. L., Baxter, G. D. and Barker, S. C. (1999) Identification and characterisation of a cytochrome P450 gene and processed pseudogene from an arachnid: the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 29 4: 377-384. doi:10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00013-2
Crampton, A. L., Green, P., Baxter, G. D. and Barker, S. C. (1999) Monooxygenases play only a minor role in resistance to synthetic pyrethroids in the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 23 11: 897-905. doi:10.1023/A:1006245800759
Baxter, G. D. and Barker, S. C. (1999) Isolation of a cDNA for an octopamine-like, G-protein coupled receptor from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 29 5: 461-467. doi:10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00023-5
Baxter, GD, Green, P, Stuttgen, M and Barker, SC (1999) Detecting resistance to organophosphates and carbamates in the Cattle Tick Boophilus microplus, with a propoxur-based biochemical test. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 23 11: 907-914. doi:10.1023/A:1006364816302
Dobson, S. J. and Barker, S.C. (1999) Phylogeny of the hard ticks (Ixodidae) inferred from 18S rRNA indicates that the genus Aponomma is paraphyletic. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 11 2: 288-295. doi:10.1006/mpev.1998.0565
Campbell, N. J. H. and Barker, S. C. (1999) The novel mitochondrial gene arrangement of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus: Fivefold tandem repetition of a coding region. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16 6: 732-740.
Barker, S, Smith, R and Separovic, F (1998) NMR structure of receptor linked gramicidin channels.. Biophysical Journal, 74 2: A248-A248.
Campbell, NJH and Barker, SC (1998) An unprecedented major rearrangement in an arthropod mitochondrial genome. Molecular Biology And Evolution, 15 12: 1786-1787. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025904
Baxter, GD and Barker, SC (1998) Acetylcholinesterase cDNA of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus: characterisation and role in organophosphate resistance. Insect Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 28 8: 581-589. doi:10.1016/S0965-1748(98)00034-4
Crampton, AL, Miller, C, Baxter, GD and Barker, SC (1998) Expressed sequenced tags and new genes from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Experimental And Applied Acarology, 22 3: 177-186. doi:10.1023/A:1006058113409
Blair, D, Bray, RA and Barker, SC (1998) Molecules and morphology in phylogenetic studies of the Hemiuroidea (Digenea : Trematoda : Platyhelminthes). Molecular Phylogenetics And Evolution, 9 1: 15-25. doi:10.1006/mpev.1997.0437
Barker, SC (1998) Distinguishing species and populations of Rhipicephaline ticks with its 2 ribosomal RNA. Journal of Parasitology, 84 5: 887-892. doi:10.2307/3284614
Anderson, GR and Barker, SC (1998) Inference of phylogeny and taxonomy within the Didymozoidae (Digenea) from the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. Systematic Parasitology, 41 2: 87-94. doi:10.1023/A:1006024128098
Bray, RA, Cribb, TH and Barker, SC (1997) Postlepidapedon Zdzitowiecki, 1993 and Gibsonivermis n g (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from fishes of the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and their relationship to Intusatrium Durio & Manter, 1968. Systematic Parasitology, 36 2: 143-155. doi:10.1023/A:1005729703302
Jones, SH, Lew, AE, Jorgensen, WK and Barker, SC (1997) Babesia bovis: Genome size, number of chromosomes and telomeric probe hybridisation. International Journal For Parasitology, 27 12: 1569-1573. doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(97)00099-4
Bray, Rodney A., Cribb, Thomas H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1996) Four species of Lepidapedoides Yamaguti, 1970 (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from fishes of the southern Great Barrier Reef, with a tabulation of host-parasite data on the group. Systematic Parasitology, 34 3: 179-195. doi:10.1007/BF00009386
Bray, R.A., Cribb, T.H. and Barker, S.C. (1996) Diploproctodaeinae (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from the coastal fishes of Queensland, Australia, with a review of the subfamily. Journal of Natural History, 30 3: 317-366. doi:10.1080/00222939600770191
Bray, R.A., Cribb, T.H. and Barker, S.C. (1996) Cableia pudica n sp (Digenea:acanthocolpidae) from monacanthid fishes of the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Parasite, 3 1: 49-54. doi:10.1051/parasite/1996031049
Barker S.C. (1996) Lice, cospeciation and parasitism. International Journal for Parasitology, 26 2: 219-222. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(95)00114-X
Crampton, A., McKay, I. and Barker, S. C. (1996) Phylogeny of ticks (Ixodida) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA. International Journal for Parasitology, 26 5: 511-517. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(96)89379-9
Cribb, T.H., Bray, R.A., Barker, S.C. and Adlard, R.D. (1996) Taxonomy and biology of Mitrotrema anthostomatum Manter, 1963 (Digenea:Cryptogonimidae) from fishes of the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 63 1: 110-115.
Cribb, T. H., Barker, S. C. and Beuret, J. (1995) Taxonomy of Mesostephanus Lutz, 1935 (Digenea, Cyathocotylidae) in some Australian Water Birds. Systematic Parasitology, 32 3: 193-204. doi:10.1007/BF00008828
Blackall, Linda L., Barker, Stephen C. and Hugenholtz, Philip (1995) Phylogenetic Analysis and Taxonomic History of Nocardia pinensis and Nocardia amarae. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 17 4: 519-525. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80071-8
Barker, Stephen C., Cribb, Thomas H., Bray, Rodney A. and Adlard, Robert D. (1994) Host-parasite associations on a coral reef: Pomacentrid fishes and digenean trematodes. International Journal for Parasitology, 24 5: 643-647. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(94)90116-3
Cribb, T. H., Bray, R. A. and Barker, S. C. (1994) Bivesiculidae and Haplosplanchnidae (Digenea) From Fishes of the Southern Great-Barrier-Reef, Australia. Systematic Parasitology, 28 2: 81-97. doi:10.1007/BF00009589
S.C.Barker S.C.BarkerStephen C.S.C.Barker S.BarkerStephen C.https://api.elsevier.com/content/author/author_id/7203040431 (1994) Phylogeny and classification, origins, and evolution of host associations of lice. International Journal for Parasitology, 24 8: 1285-1291. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(94)90195-3
Bray R.A., Cribb T.H. and Barker S.C. (1994) Fellodistomidae and lepocreadiidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) from chaetodontid fishes (perciformes) from heron island, southern great barrier reef, queensland, australia. Invertebrate Systematics, 8 3: 545-581. doi:10.1071/IT9940545
Barker, S. C., Blair, D., Garrett, A. R. and Cribb, T. H. (1993) Utility of the D1 domain of nuclear 28S ribosomal-Rna for phylogenetic inference in the digenea. Systematic Parasitology, 26 3: 181-188. doi:10.1007/BF00009725
Bray, Rodney A., Cribb, Thomas H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1993) The Lepocreadiidae (Digenea) of Pomacentrid fishes (Perciformes) from Heron Island, Queensland, Australia. Systematic Parasitology, 26 3: 189-200. doi:10.1007/BF00009726
Barker, Stephen C., Bray, Rodney A. and Cribb, Thomas H. (1993) Preptetos-Cannoni N-Sp (Digenea, Lepocreadiidae) From Siganus-Lineatus (Teleostei, Siganidae) From the Southern Great-Barrier-Reef, Australia. Systematic Parasitology, 26 2: 151-155. doi:10.1007/BF00009223
Barker, S. C., Blair, D., Cribb, T. H. and Tonion, K. (1993) Phylogenetic position of Heronimus mollis (digenea): Evidence from 18S ribosomal RNA. International Journal for Parasitology, 23 4: 533-536. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90043-X
Bray, Rodney A., Cribb, Thomas H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1993) Hemiuridae (Digenea) from marine fishes of the Great-Barrier-Reef, Queensland, Australia. Systematic Parasitology, 25 1: 37-62. doi:10.1007/BF00017000
Adlard, Robert D., Barker, Stephen C., Blair, David and Cribb, Thomas H. (1993) Comparison of the second internal transcribed spacer (Ribosomal DNA) from populations and species of fasciolidae (Digenea). International Journal for Parasitology, 23 3: 423-425. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90022-Q
Bray, Rodney A., Cribb, Thomas H. and Barker, Stephen C. (1993) The Hemiuroidea (Digenea) of Pomacentrid fishes (Perciformes) from Heron Island, Queensland, Australia. Systematic Parasitology, 24 3: 159-184. doi:10.1007/BF00010530
Anderson, Glenn R. and Barker, Stephen C. (1993) Species differentiation in the didymozoidae (Digenea): restriction fragment length differences in internal transcribed spacer and 5.8S ribosomal DNA. International Journal for Parasitology, 23 1: 133-136. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90106-9
Barker, Stephen C. and Cribb, Thomas H. (1993) Sporocysts of Mesostephanus haliasturis (DIGENEA) produce miracidia. International Journal for Parasitology, 23 1: 137-139. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90107-A
Goggin C.L. and Barker S.C. (1993) Phylogenetic position of the genus Perkinsus (Protista, Apicomplexa) based on small subunit ribosomal RNA. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 60 1: 65-70. doi:10.1016/0166-6851(93)90029-W
Blair, D. and Barker, S. C. (1993) Affinities of the Gyliauchenidae: Utility of the 18S rRNA gene for phylogenetic inference in the digenea (Platyhelminthes). International Journal for Parasitology, 23 4: 527-532. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90042-W
Cribb, Thomas H., Bray, Rodney A. and Barker, Stephen C. (1992) Zoogonidae (Digenea) from southern Great Barrier Reef fishes with a description of Steganoderma (Lecithostaphylus) gibsoni n. sp.. Systematic Parasitology, 23 1: 7-12. doi:10.1007/BF00008002
Cribb, Thomas H., Bray, Rodney A. and Barker, Stephen C. (1992) A review of the family transversotrematidae (Trematoda: Digenea) with the description of a new genus, crusziella. Invertebrate Systematics, 6 4: 909-935. doi:10.1071/IT9920909
Barker, S. C., Briscoe, D. A. and Close, R, L. (1992) Phylogeny inferred from allozymes in the Heterodoxus octoseriatus group of species (Phthiraptera: Boopiidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 40 4: 343-353. doi:10.1071/ZO9920411
Barker S.C. (1991) Evolution of host-parasite associations among species of lice and rock-wallabies: Coevolution? (J.F.A. Sprent Prize lecture, August 1990). International Journal for Parasitology, 21 5: 497-501. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(91)90053-A
Barker, S. C., Singleton, G. R. and Spratt, D. M. (1991) Can the nematode Capillaria hepatica regulate abundance in wild house mice ? Results of enclosure experiments in southeastern Australia. Parasitology, 103 3: 439-449. doi:10.1017/S0031182000059965
Conference Papers
Shao, Renfu, Fukunaga, Masahito and Barker, Stephen C. (2005). The mitochondrial genomes of ticks and their kin: A review plus the description of the mitochondrial genomes of Ambylomma triguttatum and Ornithodoros porcinus. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of Ticks and Tick Borne Diseases. 5th International Congress of Ticks and Tick Borne Diseases, Neuchatel, Switzerland, (210-214). August 2005.
Cameron, S., Whiting, M. and Barker, S. (2004). Diversity and evolution of the insect mitochondrial genome. In: Cladistics: Abstracts of the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Willi Hennig Society. 22nd Annual Meeting of the Willi Hennig Society, New York Botan Garden, Bronx, NY, (79-79). 20-24 Jul 2003. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2003.00006.x
Barker, Stephen C. and Murrell, Anna (2002). Phylogeny, evolution and historical zoogeography of ticks: A review of recent progress. In: , , (55-68). . doi:10.1023/A:1025333830086
Hayward, C. J., Lester, R.J., Barker, S.C., McCallum, H. I., Murrell, A. and Kleeman, S. N. (2002). Transmission of Perkinsus olseni among wild blacklip abalone in South Australia. In: 5th Symposium on Diseases in Asian Aquaculture, Gold Coast, ((Abstract)). November, 2002.
Hutcheson, H. J., Black IV, W. C., Klompen, J. S. H., Keirans, J. E., Norris, D. E. and Barker, S. C. (2000). Current progress in tick molecular systematics. In: Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens, 3rd International Conference: Into the 21st Century. Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens, High Tetsa Mountains, Slovakia, (11-19). August, 1999.
Dobson, S. J. and Barker, S. C. (1999). Is Rickettsia prowazekii the closest relative to mitochondria. In: Peter O'Donoghue and Robert Adlard, Program & Abstracts The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Society for Parasitology. Annual Scientific Meeting Australian Society for Parasitology ASP'99, Yeppoon, Central Qld, (32-32). 26-30 September 1999.
Campbell, N. and Barker, S.C. (1999). Heteroplasmy and concerted evolution of tandem repeats of a coding region in the mt genome of the tick, Boophilus microplus. In: Program & Abstracts The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Society for Parasitology. The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Sciety for Parasitology, Yeppoon, Central Qld, (31). 26-30 September 1999.
Cribb, T. H., Bray, R. A., Barker, S. C. and Morgan, J. A. (1999). Radiation of faustulid trematodes in Great Barrier Reef Fishes. In: Australian Society for Parasitology Capricorn 1999 Conference Handbook. Australian Society for Parasitology Annual Scientific Meeting, Yepoon, Central Qld, (40). 26-30 September 1999.
Barker, S. C. (1999). Molecular basis of resistance to insecticides in arthropods, particularly ticks. In: Peter O'Donoghue and Robert Adlard, Program & Abstracts The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Society for Parasitology. Annual Scientific Meeting Australian Society for Parasitology ASP'99, Yeppoon, Central Qld, (20-20). 26-30 September 1999.
Murrell, A., Campbell, N. and Barker, S. C. (1999). Molecular evolution of the internal transcribed spacer 2 and phylogenetic relationships among species of the tick subfamily Rhipicephalinae. In: Program & Abstracts The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Society for Parasitology, Yeppoon 1999. The Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian Society for Parasitology, Yeppoon, Central Qld, (42). 26-30 September 1999.